Steel structures are building load-bearing systems composed of main components such as steel sections and steel plates, connected by welding and bolts. Their core advantage is high strength and light weight: the strength of steel is more than 10 times that of concrete, yet the self-weight is lighter, making them suitable for high-rise and large-span buildings. At the same time, steel structures have good plasticity and toughness, and show obvious deformation before failure. They have excellent performance. Additionally, the components can be prefabricated in factories and assembled on-site, resulting in a short construction period, and the steel can be recycled, making them environmentally friendly.